Composing Methods.

Problem: You have a code fragment that can be grouped together. Solution: Move this code to a separate new method (or function) and replace the old code with a call to the method.

Problem: You have an expression that’s hard to understand. Solution: Place the result of the expression or its parts in separate variables that are self-explanatory.

Problem: When a method body is more obvious than the method itself, use this technique. Solution: Replace calls to the method with the method’s content and delete the method itself.

Problem: You have a temporary variable that’s assigned the result of a simple expression and nothing more. Solution: Replace the references to the variable with the expression itself.

Problem: Some value is assigned to a parameter inside method’s body. Solution: Use a local variable instead of a parameter.

Problem: You have a long method in which the local variables are so intertwined that you can’t apply Extract Method. Solution: Transform the method into a separate class so that the local variables become fields of the class. Then you can split the method into several methods within the same class.

Problem: You place the result of an expression in a local variable for later use in your code. Solution: Move the entire expression to a separate method and return the result from it. Query the method instead of using a variable. Incorporate the new method in other methods, if necessary.

Problem: You have a local variable that’s used to store various intermediate values inside a method (except for cycle variables). Solution: Use different variables for different values. Each variable should be responsible for only one particular thing.

Problem: So you want to replace an existing algorithm with a new one? Solution: Replace the body of the method that implements the algorithm with a new algorithm.